Name Format Option Arguments¶

The DN output format can be fine tuned with the following flags.

compat

Display the name using an old format from previous OpenSSL versions.

RFC2253

Display the name using the format defined in RFC 2253. It is equivalent to esc_2253, esc_ctrl, esc_msb, utf8, dump_nostr, dump_unknown, dump_der, sep_comma_plus, dn_rev and sname.

oneline

Display the name in one line, using a format that is more readable RFC 2253. It is equivalent to esc_2253, esc_ctrl, esc_msb, utf8, dump_nostr, dump_der, use_quote, sep_comma_plus_space, space_eq and sname options.

multiline

Display the name using multiple lines. It is equivalent to esc_ctrl, esc_msb, sep_multiline, space_eq, lname and align.

esc_2253

Escape the "special" characters in a field, as required by RFC 2253. That is, any of the characters ",+"<>;", "#" at the beginning of a string and leading or trailing spaces.

esc_2254

Escape the "special" characters in a field as required by RFC 2254 in a field. That is, the NUL character and of "()*".

esc_ctrl

Escape non-printable ASCII characters, codes less than 0x20 (space) or greater than 0x7F (DELETE). They are displayed using RFC 2253 "\XX" notation where XX are the two hex digits representing the character value.

esc_msb

Escape any characters with the most significant bit set, that is with values larger than 127, as described in esc_ctrl.

use_quote

Escapes some characters by surrounding the entire string with quotation marks, """. Without this option, individual special characters are preceded with a backslash character, "\".

utf8

Convert all strings to UTF-8 format first as required by RFC 2253. If the output device is UTF-8 compatible, then using this option (and not setting esc_msb) may give the correct display of multibyte characters. If this option is not set, then multibyte characters larger than 0xFF will be output as "\UXXXX" for 16 bits or "\WXXXXXXXX" for 32 bits. In addition, any UTF8Strings will be converted to their character form first.

ignore_type

This option does not attempt to interpret multibyte characters in any way. That is, the content octets are merely dumped as though one octet represents each character. This is useful for diagnostic purposes but will result in rather odd looking output.

show_type

Display the type of the ASN1 character string before the value, such as "BMPSTRING: Hello World".

dump_der

Any fields that would be output in hex format are displayed using the DER encoding of the field. If not set, just the content octets are displayed. Either way, the #XXXX... format of RFC 2253 is used.

dump_nostr

Dump non-character strings, such as ASN.1 OCTET STRING. If this option is not set, then non character string types will be displayed as though each content octet represents a single character.

dump_all

Dump all fields. When this used with dump_der, this allows the DER encoding of the structure to be unambiguously determined.

dump_unknown

Dump any field whose OID is not recognised by OpenSSL.

sep_comma_plus, sep_comma_plus_space, sep_semi_plus_space, sep_multiline

Specify the field separators. The first word is used between the Relative Distinguished Names (RDNs) and the second is between multiple Attribute Value Assertions (AVAs). Multiple AVAs are very rare and their use is discouraged. The options ending in "space" additionally place a space after the separator to make it more readable. The sep_multiline starts each field on its own line, and uses "plus space" for the AVA separator. It also indents the fields by four characters. The default value is sep_comma_plus_space.

dn_rev

Reverse the fields of the DN as required by RFC 2253. This also reverses the order of multiple AVAs in a field, but this is permissible as there is no ordering on values.

nofname, sname, lname, oid

Specify how the field name is displayed. nofname does not display the field at all. sname uses the "short name" form (CN for commonName for example). lname uses the long form. oid represents the OID in numerical form and is useful for diagnostic purpose.

align

Align field values for a more readable output. Only usable with sep_multiline.

space_eq

Places spaces round the equal sign, "=", character which follows the field name.